Writing a five paragraph essay
Wednesday, August 26, 2020
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Ben Symonds Clarke gets hit by a vehicle High school understudy Clarke Greenbank, who was recently struck by a vehicle, has beaten the mortification and misuse and is currently back on the social scene. On September eleventh 2008, Clarke Greenbank was biking from his home to Harry Miller Middle School, situated in Rothesay New Brunswick. He was nearly there, he rode up to the cross walk and ensured the vehicles halted for him to cross, they did, and tragically one of the drivers didn't see Clarke.Clarke was hit by an approaching vehicle; he was hurled off his bicycle and arrived on his back on the hood of the vehicle, he at that point folded off the vehicle into the center off the road. Luckily Clarke was not harmed harshly, Clarke says ââ¬Å"My back was somewhat sore for half a month and I wasnââ¬â¢t ready to play sports or anythingâ⬠. Clarkeââ¬â¢s embarrassment began once the updates on his mishap spread through the school, individual colleague Colin Rachford says that the responses of Clarkes peers were along the lines of ââ¬Å"hahahahahahaâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Oh my godâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Of course it was Clarkeâ⬠.It was the school joke, individuals would regularly bring it up to Clarke, and he would get gazed and chuckled at while strolling the forlorn corridors of Harry Miller Middle School. The prodding continued for quite a while; Clarke says ââ¬Å"I was truly known as the person who got hit by a vehicle for all of evaluation 8â⬠. From the outset Clarke would become irritated or irate when individuals would bring it up, by either disregarding them or advise them to ââ¬Å"shut upâ⬠. These teasingââ¬â¢s kept on occurring and Clarke was getting worn out on getting distraught over it so he chose to poke fun at the episode. He was delighted with the consideration he was getting.Classmate Bailey Collins says ââ¬Å" One day in class we had a gracefully educator who made us tell our name and 1 snippet of data about ourselves, when it got to Clarkes turn he stated: My name is Clarke Greenbank and I got hit by a carâ⬠. Clarke figured it is silly to let it get to him everlastingly, from that point forward Clarke was neither embarrassed nor humiliated about his occurrence however acknowledged as a decent story to tell when he is more established and has children of his own and he says ââ¬Å"Hopefully when I recount to my children the narrative of me getting hit by a vehicle they will be progressively cautious when crossing streets.Now as opposed to being known as the person who got hit by a vehicle, Clarke is known for his outstanding rate skating abilities, extraordinary comical inclination, alright preference for music and his energetic grin. From getting hit by a vehicle Clarke has figured out how to expect the sudden throughout everyday life and to look left and right before going across the road. Clarke is thankful that he was not genuinely harmed and from the man himself ââ¬Å"if it was blended there, i tââ¬â¢s from thereââ¬â¢.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Policy issues affecting the police Essay
Much the same as some other office in the administration, the police power is to a great extent affected by the arrangement gives that the legislature receives. Be it new laws or techniques, they need to change their activities to fit what the strategies direct. The obligation of the police is to keep up lawfulness and in doing this they need to join approaches set by the administration. As it will be appeared in this paper, these strategy issues may influence the exercises of the police power to such an extent that they may need to totally change their methods of tasks to fit the governmentââ¬â¢s prerequisites. Numerous strategies concerning police lead, human rights and police obligations are have been advanced in numerous discussions and meetings tending to national security. Examination Unlike in the past where the police had an outright force, a cop these days may get oneself being sued for infringement of human rights, for example, police mistreating or attack (Freund, 2006; Meadows, 2000). There are a few strategies that have been advanced observing update of a few laws which influence the police straightforwardly. Strategy issues on human rights requiring explicit methodology of capture and treatment of suspects have been made. The fourth amendment has restricted police power particularly with the private law that shields residents from outlandish pursuits and seizures. This implies before a cop can look or hold onto private property, there must be a warrant which is given when the need to look through premises is critical to ensure security. Singular freedom and human rights shields residents from bogus confinement. The fourth amendment comes as a common obligation to the cops which confines their exercises since they need to focus on abstain from overstepping the law (Freund, 2006). This has influenced the police in that it has constrained their capacity to get however much data as could be expected concerning a wrongdoing. A few officials have additionally wound up in court over what can be alluded to as attack during capture. Maybe one of the most present approach gives that has influenced the police is the governmentââ¬â¢s against psychological oppression arrangement. A solid arrangement particularly after the 9-11 assaults on the U. S drew out the significance of the need to increase security to keep such assaults from occurring in future. The administration targets keeping the chance of any fear based oppressor assault which must include the police (Pleck, 2004). The inclusion of the police power in the war against fear mongering has prompted the requirement for all the more preparing on the cops on occurrence the board and psychological warfare insight. As the administration noticed, the police power was not well prepared to deal with such extreme episodes thus the requirement for preparing on occurrence the board. Once more, there the need to create knowledge aptitudes to counter any type of dangers calls for legitimate preparing of the police. So as to guarantee that the necessities of this approach are met, the legislature has presented unique preparing plans for the police which they need to go to continue refreshing them on better aptitudes and insight on staying away from fear based oppression assaults just as how on the most proficient method to manage psychological warfare episodes if by any possibility they happen (Pleck, 2004). Network policing is a strategy issue that has come up because of the requirement for the network to participate in their own security through detailing any dubious demonstration to the police. This is on the grounds that the network is at the best situation to recognize those that live among them (Palmiotto, 2000). The administration necessitates that the cops work connected at the hip with the network in order to check wrongdoing exercises in the general public. The impact of this on the police is that there has been requirement for preparing to assist them with having the option to manage the network and help in distinguishing between potential peril and typical happenings (Palmiotto, 2000). The police have additionally been given the additional obligation of preparing and teaching individuals from general society on the best way to recognize potential dangers inside the network and how they can manage them related to the police. The people group policing generally centers around powerless gatherings, for example, kids and ladies who are probably going to be casualties of viciousness. Approach issues concerning assault have been advanced which has required for prepared authorities to deal with assault calls just as communication between the police and clinical experts to help in illuminating such cases (Palmiotto, 2000). The administration advocates for progression in innovation for manageable turns of events. As an issue of national security, there has been the rising requirement for the police to overhaul their innovation in order to meet the consistently expanding crime percentages. Innovation has been utilized by crooks to take from various residents and this has raised an issue of concern. Digital wrongdoings, phishing and wholesale fraud have been on the ascent. The issue with these sorts of violations is that getting the culprits can be very hard because of the progression in innovation that is utilized to lead the wrongdoings. Staying aware of these improvements represents a test to the police who need to concoct further developed techniques to find digital hoodlums, programmers and personality criminals. As a rule, the police are dependent upon the laws of arraignment and arrangement for equity. Arrangements on the methodology of arraignment profoundly influence the police. For instance, the police are limited by law to possibly record an arraignment when there is considerable proof for the event of the wrongdoing. Various strategies exist for various sort of indictments. The adolescent equity for instance has experienced numerous progressions and new approaches have come up following procedures from different cases. Adolescents have a wide scope of rights and confinement of an adolescent must be under genuine doubts of misconduct. Confirmation that is past sensible uncertainty should likewise be set up to guarantee that the adolescent guilty party represents a danger to the network (Rick, 2003). Arrangements on adolescents additionally necessitate that they be put under preventive confinement as indicated by the measures set by the law (Rick, 2003). This separates adolescent guilty parties from grown-up ones. The police subsequently should focus on such subtleties in order to err on the side of caution of the law. It is likewise some portion of their obligations to act as indicated by the laws. End It is obvious that the policeââ¬â¢s exercises are exceptionally impacted by arrangement issues. The administration which additionally decides the standards of a nation continually thinks of strategies for national turn of events. These approaches may adjust a departmentââ¬â¢s exercises or increment its obligations relying upon how the strategy issue is to be handled. It should likewise be noticed that separated from government approaches, each police office has its own strategies which control the officials (Miller, 1997). These incorporate the code of morals that must be trailed by the individual officials. Rules on obligations lists, clothing regulation and discipline for police unfortunate behavior inside the office are carefully followed. Overstepping of these laws may bring about genuine conditions and consequently the cops must tail them precisely. Word Count: 1179 References Freund, E. (2006). The Police Power, Public Policy and Constitutional Rights. New York: Callaghan and Company. Glades, R. J. (2000). A Study of Police Misconduct and Litigation: Findings and Implications. Diary of Contemporary Criminal Justice. 41(2), 77-92. Mill operator, S. et al. (1997). Police morals. London: Allen and Unwin, 1997. Palmiotto, M. (2000). Network policing: a policing system for the 21st century. New York: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Pleck, E. (2004). Police in the battle against fear mongering. American Journal of Police, 25(1), 38-45. Rick, A. (2003). Adolescent Justice. New York: Odhams Press.
Thursday, August 13, 2020
4 Simple Steps to Deal With Stress and Anxiety
4 Simple Steps to Deal With Stress and Anxiety Do you wonder if you may worry too much? And how much anxiety is officially too much? To answer these questions, you may need to deepen your understanding of stress and anxiety, and how they help and hurt you. Why Worry? Stress and anxiety actually do have their functions if theyre not experienced in excess. They push us to make necessary changes in our lives. They signal when we may be in danger, and inspire us to take action to get ourselves out of danger. (This danger can be any type of threat to our physical or emotional well-being, from not doing well on a test to losing a job to losing a friend.) In this way, feelings of stress and anxiety are healthy and necessary; without them, we may not act in our own best interest. How Much Stress and Anxiety Is Too Much? The point at which worry and anxiety become unhealthy is when they immobilize us rather than inspire us to act. Whether were worried about things in the future, or so stressed and anxious we cant move forward, the stress takes a toll on our minds and bodies, and affects our health. Excessive or unmanaged anxiety can become unhealthy if it takes the form of an anxiety disorder, for example. Symptoms of Too Much Stress Dealing With Anxiety So now that you understand the nature of stress and anxiety a little better, we can focus on eliminating them. The best remedy for anxiety is self-examination and action. Here are some easy steps to follow: First, look inside. What is causing you to worry? Ask yourself this question and think carefully about your answer. Be specific. (For some situations, this may be readily apparent; other times, you may really have to think about it.) Writing in a journal or talking to a friend about it can help you sort out your feelings.Then, decide what action, if any, should be taken. Try to figure out what part of the situation is under your control. Assess the problem to see whether the threat is real, or if you are blowing it out of proportion. If the problem is just a hypothetical situation or a worst-case scenario, decide if it is really likely that your fears will actually come to fruition.Next, come up with a plan that tackles the part of the problem that is under your control. Taking action to protect yourself is a good way to channel nervous energy and provides reassurance against your fears. It is, in most cases, the healthiest response to realistic fears and worries. You may not be able to fix the entire problem, but even taking some steps toward improving your situation can significantly minimize your anxiety.Once you have done all you can, just let it go. Like everything in life, this is easier said than done, but with practice, you can get pretty adept at letting go of excessive levels of stress and anxiety. You can do this by focusing on something else, reminding yourself of the solutions you have worked on, or trying some stress management strategies that can help you feel more centered and at peace, such as prayer or meditation, journaling about your feelings, or listening to music. Getting regular exercise has been found to be especially helpful in combating the physical effects of anxiety and stress. If you still find yourself concerned on a constant basis, you may want to talk to someone about it, either a friend or a professional, depending on how severe your worry is and how much it is affecting your overall stress level. What Stress Management Techniques Are the Best for You?
Saturday, May 23, 2020
Learn How to Use the French Preposition Par
The French preposition par means through, by, or per in English. It is used to indicate the manner in which something is done, the reason behind an event, the direction something moves, or the amount of something per some unit of measurement. In everyday conversation, you might use par when giving directions to someone or to describe how an event occurred. Examples of Par Je suis sortie par la porte.I left through/by the door.Jai appris la verità © par hasard.I learned the truth by accident.Il la obtenu par la force.He obtained it by force.Je lai envoyà © par la poste.I sent it through the mail.Il a jetà © les dà ©chets par la fenà ªtre.He threw the garbage though/out the window.Il gagne 500 euros par semaine.He earns 500 euros per week.Par is often used to introduce the agent in the passive voice:Ce livre, à ©crit par Voltaire...This book, written by Voltaire...La tasse a à ©tà © cassà ©e par un chien.The cup was broken by a dog. Verbs With Par As with prepositions in English, there are some instances when a verb will also require using par in sentence construction. Some of the most common French verbs are: arriverà parà à à to succeed through/bycommencerà parà à infinitiveà à à toà begin by ___-ingfaireà parà (la pitià ©,à lamour)à à à to do out of (pity, love)finirà parà infinitiveà à à to end up ___-ing / to finally do somethinghabiterà parà icià à à to live around herejurerà parà à à to swear byobtenirà quelqueà chose parà à à to obtain something byprendreà quelquunà parà (la main)à à à to take someone by (the hand)ressemblerà parà à à to resemble due tosortirà parà (la fenà ªtre)à à à to leave by (the window)venirà parà (la cà ´te)à à à to come along/by (the coast)
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
Race and Ethnicity Related Controversy in the News - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1108 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Racism is not based on the rules or the government that is in control, but it is associated with the heart of the people that are involved. The racial barriers that are in the high economic are often shattered by the predictable regularity therefore they make the race to become something that is prescribed. Many of the societies often rely on the newspapers since that is where they only can get the information that they need to know. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Race and Ethnicity Related Controversy in the News" essay for you Create order Information is presented differently by a different journalist to the public. Black people will remain the primary racial subject whereby they will continue to be to be manipulated, exploited and abused by various people that are of the different color. Race and ethnicity are something that has been affecting the Asian Americans and their success. This is because; most of them are discriminated and exploited so they lack the chance of doing what they can do best in the profession that they have. This essay is to analyze and investigate how race or ethnicity has an impact in interpersonal and societal conflict. For the past few years, there is a clear indication that the rate of juvenile crimes and the number of Americans that are being detained is dropping. Juvenile incarceration has decreased by 41 percent since 1995 to 2010. Despite all this, the school discipline policies bare going in the opposite direction because they have embraced the out of school suspensions. The suspensions are doubling since the year 1970. The black students are the more likely people to be suspended or expelled than the white students. According to research, most of the children especially the black students tend to be expelled from school because of the grade that they have since they are not entitled to the same education system as the white students. According to the Obama administration, schools are expelling children at a high rate, and they should find some other means that they can use in punishing the students. Among the 100 students that are suspended, 15 of them are black, and 4.8 of them are white wh ich shows the difference in the ethnic group. Black students are always subjects to poor education that is not as advanced as that of the white students hence making them to be more suspended for such cases of being poor or having a low grade in their class. The journalists are often implicating when it comes to the Asian Americans that have a different color than the rest of the people who have the white color. The racial stereotypes and assumptions are likely to affect the actions that take place in our minds. According to implicit bias that is among many of the journalists, the black people tend to think that they can only be safe if they are the people that know them well or those that they graduated from the same institution. The black population often feel the distance if they are around people that they did not graduate from the same university as them. Black people are subjected to discrimination in schools, and the lecturers that attend to them can be harsh hence causing the failure of this student at one particular point of their life hence leading to the suspension of the student or even being expelled for something that they could have corrected if an individual strategy is employed. The journalists are using different methods to make sure that they pass information or stories that are similar as those that are being employed by each person daily so that they can make or come up with a conversation that is controversial or interesting. The journalists are in a position where they can frame the information that they have both positively and negatively according to the information that they have with them and the impact that it will have to the society.à The white people have the belief that it will be difficult for them to do away with the racial identities for it will be difficult for them to come to terms with the people of color. They claim that they only see themselves as ordinary citizens. They see that the virtue of their status is dominant in their social position which is unmarked. The white people are when they can go throughout their entire life without thinking of the identity that they have. Whiteness is seen as a function where people categorize pe ople and judge them at the same time. Some of the white people have the belief that they are equal to the other people since they can be disempowered in many aspects of their lives. In the United States, it is scarce for there to be social power for there is the existence of strong cultural tendency in that a person is in a position where they can understand the world regarding individualism. The suspension of the black student is something critical and one that has become the primary subject of many people who are concerned. Some of the white people believe that there is the existence of change between racial and ethnicity. People can do away with the discrimination of the people of different color since we are all equal and according to the law, we all have the same privileges so long as we are the citizens of the same country. We have the right to enjoy the rights that are entitled to each person provided that we have all the requirements that are needed. The black children should not be expelled for. Instead, the institution can come up with another strategy that they can use in punishing those that do wrong. This can be effective for it will encourage proper and peace among all people in the society. In 1970 it was sporadic to find the students being expelled out of school as a punishment. After the students had become tolerant of the punishment being given to them, the state concluded that they should come up with individual policies that required the students to be suspended. The black children enroll more in schools, and most of them accounted to being arrested for some minor mistakes or wrong doing that they have done when in school. It is clear that during preschool, around 41 percent of the students being expelled included black and they would be punished more than once. No clear proof indicates the immoral behavior of black students, but due to discrimination, they are the students that are likely to misbehave when at school. According to study, the white children are disciplined for smoking offenses, vandalism, and obscene language while the black children or students are disciplined for something minor like personal reasons such as disrespect.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Zz Packer Free Essays
ZZ Packer The Alternative Master Narrative ââ¬Å"By our second day at Camp Crescendo, the girls in my Brownie troop had decided to kick the asses of each and every girl in Brownie Troop 909â⬠(Packer p. 1). Not exactly how one would think a brownie girl would act, but thatââ¬â¢s the trope, author ZZ Packer sets in every one of her stories, in Drinking Coffee Elsewhere. We will write a custom essay sample on Zz Packer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Like most authors, ZZ Packer has her own style of writing. She uses similar patterns and techniques throughout her collection of short stories. I will look at two of her stories and how they relate to her style of writing. ââ¬Å"Browniesâ⬠is a story that many people of cultural value can relate too. This short story has many moral values in it. Brownies takes place at Camp Crescendo, a summer camp for fourth graders near the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia. The story is told in first person by an African American girl named Laurel, also known as Snot. On the second day of camp Laurel announces to all the girls in her Brownie Troop that they were going to ââ¬Å"kick the assesâ⬠of every girl in the troop, who were all white girls. The black girls disliked the white girls the minute they saw them. There ringleader Arnetta, said they smell ââ¬Å"like chihuahuas. Wet chihuahuasâ⬠(Packer p2). The black girls have seen whites before, but theyââ¬â¢ve never really had much to do with them. Being at the camp with them was the closest encounter theyââ¬â¢ve ever had. which made it realistic and hard to not have any hatred towards them. This story is one of Packers most obvious labels that she usually talks about. As the story goes on, it follows another patten how the narrator of the story Laurel is a loner. Ever since the first grade she has always gotten made fun of, and got the nickname ââ¬Å"Snotâ⬠. ââ¬Å"The Ant of the Selfâ⬠is another story that Packer talks about. It follows the themes of blacks to minorities, the presence of blacks on the east coast, and the main character Spurgeon is a ââ¬Å"lonerâ⬠. The Ant of the Self is a story about Spurgeon, the intelligent son of Ray Bivens Jr. Throughout the story he finds himself carrying the burden of supporting his self centered father on his shoulders. Ray doesnââ¬â¢t know the true meaning of an intimate relationship and is oblivious to his own sonââ¬â¢s needs. When thinking about a father son relationship, you would imagine love, respect, laughter, and support, but when it comes to Spurgeon and his father, their relationship can be described as a business transaction. Spurgeon always supports his father, whatever it may be and he never gets any acknowledgement from his father for being there. In the beginning of the short story Spurgeon bails his father out of jail with money that he earned, and instead of his father showing appreciation or thanking him, he tells him ââ¬Å"Opportunities. Youââ¬â¢ve got to invest your money if you want opportunitiesâ⬠(Packer p82). The car ride home his Spurgeonââ¬â¢s father thinks of ways of making fast money, and comes up with an idea. Spurgeon tries telling his father that itââ¬â¢s a bad idea, but of course he doesnââ¬â¢t listen. This story, like many others ends with a the lack of a ââ¬Å"happy endingâ⬠. How to cite Zz Packer, Essay examples
Sunday, May 3, 2020
Exports and Imports of India Eassy Writing free essay sample
The Indian Economy India was a direct colony of the British and the impact of this colonial rule over the economy and society of India has been immense. It must be stated at the outset that direct colonial rule leaves a total impact on the colonized society because every aspect of social life is influenced by colonial policies of the colonizers. A direct colony (as was the case with India) is under the complete control of the colonizers and colonial policies and interests influence every aspect of social life of a colony. Another important fact about India is that the colonial rule lasted for a very long time and this longevity of colonial rule over India affected the vitals of the Indian society. India in the pre-colonial period had a stable economy. Self-sufficient agriculture, flourishing trade and rich handicraft industries. Subsistence farmers, organized in small village communities carried on agricultural operations in India. Landlords were not landowners; they only had the right or privilege to collect taxes from the peasants (Rothermund, page 1). A village was more or less a self-sufficient economic unit and its business contacts with the outside world were limited to payment of land revenue (generally in kind) and the purchase of a few necessary things from the town nearby. The farmer raised only those crops, which he needed for his own use and shared the same with the village artisan who supplied him with simple manufactures that he needed for his domestic consumption. Means of communication were of a primitive type. Therefore, trade in agricultural produce, was somewhat limited. The farmer usually raised enough produce to feed himself and the non-agricultural members of the village community. If his crop yielded more than the consumption needs, due to favorable climatic conditions, he stored that surplus for use in the lean years. Storage of food grains was a common practice among the pre-colonial agriculturists and constituted, under these conditions, the only remedy against famines. In spite of the fact that the Indian villages were largely self-sufficient units and the means of communication were primitive, India enjoyed extensive trade both within the country and with other countries of Asia and Europe. A balance of the imports and exports was maintained. The items imported into India were pearls, wool, dates, dried fruits and rosewater from the Persian gulf; coffee, gold, drugs and honey from Arabia; tea, sugar and silk from China; gold, musk and woolen cloth; metals like copper, iron and lead, and paper from Europe. The main items exported from India were cotton textiles. Besides cotton textiles, which were famous throughout the world, India also exported raw silk, indigo, opium, rice, wheat, sugar, pepper and other spices, precious stones and drugs. The lucrative and risky long-distance trade and maritime trade were well financed. Rich merchants as well as high officers and princes participated in these ventures. (Rothermund, page 5). The major features of Indian trade in pre-colonial times were (i) a favorable balance of trade and (ii) a foreign trade most suitable to the level of manufacturing in India. A favorable balance of trade meant an excess of exports over imports, i. e. India exported more than it needed to import. Since the economy was on the whole self-sufficient in handicrafts and agricultural products, India did not need foreign imports on a large scale and continued to enjoy a healthy trade. Secondly, Indias foreign trade suited its requirements very well. In other words, the commodity pattern, so important to any countrys foreign trade, was in Indias favor. India exported the items it specialized in and imported the ones it needed. As discussed above India was a land of extensive manufactures. Indian artisans were famous for their skills the world over. In fact the reason for Indias favorable foreign trade was its excellence in indigenous production. India indulged in a large-scale manufacture of cotton and silk fabrics, sugar, jute, dyestuffs, mineral and metallic products like arms, metal wares and oil. India, towards the end of the 18th century was undoubtedly one of the main centers of world trade and industry. This status of India was completely destroyed under colonial times. Its beginnings can be traced to the after-math of the industrial Revolution in England. The machine made cloth of England began to replace the indigenous manufactures. Indias artisans were forced out of production. The number of weavers also declined. It was this pressure from the British goods that led to the decline of the traditional Indias centers of economic activity listed above. The British East India Company got a legal charter for trade from the Mughal ruler in 1600, and soon this trading company started conquering India. The conquests began in 1757 with the defeat of the Nawab of Bengal by Robert Clive. The East India Company ruled India for a century, i. e. , from the decisiveUNIT 15 INDIAââ¬â¢S EXPORT-IMPORT POLICY Objectives This unit helps you to understand: what is trade policy; kinds of trade policy; phases of liberalisation in trade policies in the process of economic development; trends in Indiaââ¬â¢s exim policies; salient features of Indiaââ¬â¢s import regime during 1950-91; characteristics of Indiaââ¬â¢s export promotion policies; and Indiaââ¬â¢s Trade Policy reforms in the 90s. Though free trade, theoretically, offers several advantages, in reality, particularly underdeveloped countries were at a disadvantage in such a system of international trade. As a result, in the early 20th century, international economy saw the emergence of protective trade policies. A protective trade policy pursued by a country seeks to maintain a system of trade restrictions with the objective of protecting the domestic economy from the competition of foreign products. Protective trade policy constituted an important plank in the commercial policies of underdeveloped.. Bat
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